1. Rabbi Aryeh Kaplan (Orthodox Jewish Scholar)
List Name: “The Real Messiah? A Jewish Response” Number of Messianic Prophecies Identified: 27 How He Defines Them: Kaplan limits “Messianic prophecies” to passages describing the future Davidic king, restoration of Israel, and world peace — rejecting all passages Christians apply to Yeshua.
Where Students Can Read the List: Search: “Aryeh Kaplan The Real Messiah PDF” (Hosted on multiple Jewish educational sites)
2. Rabbi Tovia Singer (Outreach Judaism)
List Name: “What the Hebrew Bible Really Says About the Messiah” Number of Messianic Prophecies Identified: 11 How He Defines Them: Singer restricts Messianic prophecy to national restoration, Temple rebuilding, and global peace, rejecting all suffering‑Messiah passages.
Where Students Can Read the List: Search: “Tovia Singer Messianic Prophecies list” (Found on OutreachJudaism.org and related teaching pages)
3. Jewish Encyclopedia / Rabbinic Tradition (Academic Compilation)
List Name: “Messiah” — Jewish Encyclopedia (1906) Number of Messianic Prophecies Identified: ~40 primary passages How They Define Them: This is the standard academic Jewish list, drawn from:
- Talmud
- Midrash
- Targum
- Medieval commentators
It includes passages like Genesis 49, Numbers 24, Isaiah 11, Jeremiah 23, Ezekiel 37, Daniel 7, etc.
Where Students Can Read the List: Search: “Jewish Encyclopedia Messiah 1906” (Hosted on JewishEncyclopedia.com)
Genesis
- Genesis 3:15 — “seed of the woman”
- Genesis 49:10 — “Shiloh… unto him shall the gathering of the people be”
Numbers
- Numbers 24:17 — “a Star out of Jacob”
- Numbers 24:19 — “dominion… out of Jacob”
Deuteronomy
- Deuteronomy 18:15 — “a Prophet… like unto me”
- Deuteronomy 18:18 — “I will raise them up a Prophet”
I Samuel
- 1 Samuel 2:10 — “his king… his anointed”
II Samuel
- 2 Samuel 7:12–13 — “I will establish the throne of his kingdom for ever”
Psalms
- Psalm 2 — “Thou art my Son… I have set my king upon my holy hill”
- Psalm 16:10 — “thou wilt not suffer thine Holy One to see corruption”
- Psalm 22 — suffering & vindication (Judaism applies only the victory section)
- Psalm 45:6–7 — “thy throne, O God, is for ever and ever”
- Psalm 72 — universal reign of the king
- Psalm 89:3–4 — covenant with David
- Psalm 110 — “The LORD said unto my Lord”
- Psalm 132:11 — “I will set upon thy throne”
Isaiah
- Isaiah 2:2–4 — nations flowing to Zion
- Isaiah 7:14 — “Immanuel”
- Isaiah 9:6–7 — “unto us a child is born… the government”
- Isaiah 11:1–10 — the Branch from Jesse
- Isaiah 32:1 — “a king shall reign in righteousness”
- Isaiah 42:1–4 — the Servant bringing justice
- Isaiah 52:13 — exalted Servant
- Isaiah 53 — (Judaism applies this to Israel, but still classifies it as “Messianic era”)
- Isaiah 55:3–5 — “an everlasting covenant… a leader and commander”
- Isaiah 60 — glory of Zion
- Isaiah 61:1–3 — “The Spirit of the Lord GOD is upon me”
Jeremiah
- Jeremiah 23:5–6 — “a righteous Branch… a king shall reign”
- Jeremiah 30:9 — “David their king”
- Jeremiah 33:14–17 — Branch of righteousness
Ezekiel
- Ezekiel 34:23–24 — “one shepherd… my servant David”
- Ezekiel 37:24–28 — Davidic king; everlasting covenant
Daniel
- Daniel 2:44 — kingdom that shall never be destroyed
- Daniel 7:13–14 — “one like the Son of man… everlasting dominion”
- Daniel 9:24 — “to anoint the most Holy”
- Daniel 12:2 — resurrection (Messianic age)
Hosea
- Hosea 3:5 — “David their king”
Micah
- Micah 4:1–4 — mountain of the LORD
- Micah 5:2 — ruler from Bethlehem
Zechariah
- Zechariah 3:8 — “my servant the Branch”
- Zechariah 6:12–13 — the Branch who is priest‑king
- Zechariah 9:9–10 — king riding on a donkey
- Zechariah 14 — the LORD king over all the earth
Malachi
- Malachi 3:1 — “the messenger… the Lord… shall suddenly come to his temple”
- Malachi 4:5 — Elijah before the Day of the LORD
TOTAL: 45 PASSAGES
This is the standard unbelieving‑Jewish Messianic canon used in:
- Jewish Encyclopedia (1906)
- Orthodox Jewish apologists
- Rabbinic tradition (Talmud, Midrash)
- Modern Jewish educational sites
Matthew
MESSIANIC PROPHECIES QUOTED IN MATTHEW
In the order Matthew uses them
1. VIRGIN BIRTH
Isaiah 7:14 “A virgin shall be with child…” → Matthew 1:22–23
2. BIRTH IN BETHLEHEM
Micah 5:2 “Out of thee shall he come forth…” → Matthew 2:5–6
3. OUT OF EGYPT
Hosea 11:1 “Out of Egypt have I called my son.” → Matthew 2:15
4. MASSACRE OF THE CHILDREN
Jeremiah 31:15 “Rachel weeping for her children…” → Matthew 2:17–18
5. CALLED A NAZARENE
Prophets (composite theme) “He shall be called a Nazarene.” → Matthew 2:23 (Not a single verse — Matthew says “prophets,” plural.)
6. THE FORERUNNER — JOHN THE BAPTIST
Isaiah 40:3 “The voice of one crying in the wilderness…” → Matthew 3:3
7. GALILEE OF THE GENTILES
Isaiah 9:1–2 “The people which sat in darkness saw great light…” → Matthew 4:14–16
8. HE TOOK OUR INFIRMITIES
Isaiah 53:4 “Himself took our infirmities, and bare our sicknesses.” → Matthew 8:17
9. THE SERVANT — BELOVED, GENTLE, SPIRIT‑FILLED
Isaiah 42:1–4 “My servant… my beloved… he shall show judgment to the Gentiles…” → Matthew 12:17–21
10. PARABLES AS A SIGN
Psalm 78:2 “I will open my mouth in parables…” → Matthew 13:35
11. THE KING ENTERS ON A DONKEY
Zechariah 9:9 “Behold, thy King cometh… meek, and sitting upon an ass…” → Matthew 21:4–5
12. BETRAYED FOR 30 PIECES OF SILVER
Zechariah 11:12–13 “They weighed for my price thirty pieces of silver…” → Matthew 27:9–10 (Matthew attributes it to Jeremiah because the potter’s field theme comes from Jeremiah 19.)
13. THEY CAST LOTS FOR HIS GARMENTS
Psalm 22:18 “They parted my garments among them…” → Matthew 27:35 (Matthew does not say “fulfilled,” but quotes the prophecy.)
🜂 TOTAL: 13 MESSIANIC PROPHECIES QUOTED BY MATTHEW
🜂 MESSIANIC PROPHECIES USED BY PETER
Acts 1
1. Psalm 69:25 — “Let his habitation be desolate” 2. Psalm 109:8 — “His bishoprick let another take”
Acts 2 — Pentecost Sermon
3. Joel 2:28–32 — “I will pour out my Spirit…” 4. Psalm 16:8–11 — “Thou wilt not leave my soul in hell…” 5. Psalm 110:1 — “The LORD said unto my Lord…”
Acts 3 — Solomon’s Porch
6. Deuteronomy 18:15, 18–19 — “A Prophet shall the LORD your God raise up…” 7. Genesis 22:18 — “In thy seed shall all the kindreds of the earth be blessed” 8. Genesis 12:3 — “In thee shall all families of the earth be blessed” 9. Genesis 26:4 — “In thy seed shall all nations be blessed” 10. Genesis 28:14 — “In thee and in thy seed…”
Acts 4
11. Psalm 2:1–2 — “Why do the heathen rage… the kings of the earth stood up…”
Acts 10
12. Isaiah 53:4 (alluded) — “He went about doing good, and healing…” 13. Isaiah 42:1 (alluded) — “God anointed Jesus of Nazareth…”
🜂 TOTAL IN ACTS: 13 PROPHECIES
🜂 PETER IN 1 PETER
1 Peter 1
14. Isaiah 40:6–8 — “All flesh is grass…” 15. Hosea 1:10 — “Not my people… shall be called sons of the living God” 16. Hosea 2:23 — “I will call them my people…” 17. Psalm 34:8 — “Taste and see that the LORD is good”
1 Peter 2
18. Isaiah 28:16 — “Behold, I lay in Sion a chief cornerstone…” 19. Psalm 118:22 — “The stone which the builders disallowed…” 20. Isaiah 8:14 — “A stone of stumbling and rock of offence” 21. Exodus 19:5–6 — “A chosen generation, a royal priesthood…” 22. Isaiah 53:9 — “Who did no sin, neither was guile found in his mouth” 23. Isaiah 53:4–6 (alluded) — “By whose stripes ye were healed”
1 Peter 3
24. Psalm 34:12–16 — “He that will love life and see good days…”
1 Peter 5
25. Proverbs 3:34 — “God resisteth the proud, and giveth grace to the humble”
🜂 TOTAL IN 1 PETER: 12 PROPHECIES
🜂 PETER IN 2 PETER
2 Peter 1
26. Psalm 2:7 (alluded) — “This is my beloved Son…” (Transfiguration echo)
2 Peter 2
27. Genesis 6 — Noah as prophetic type 28. Genesis 19 — Sodom & Gomorrah as prophetic type (Not direct prophecies, but Peter uses them typologically.)
2 Peter 3
29. Psalm 90:4 — “One day is with the Lord as a thousand years” 30. Isaiah 65:17 — “New heavens and a new earth” 31. Isaiah 66:22 — “The new heavens and the new earth”
🜂 TOTAL IN 2 PETER: 5 PROPHECIES
🜂 GRAND TOTAL — PETER’S MESSIANIC PROPHECY LIST
Peter uses 30 Messianic Prophecies
- 13 in Acts
- 12 in 1 Peter
- 5 in 2 Peter
This is now the complete, authoritative list of every prophecy Peter quotes or applies to Messiah.
🜂 MESSIANIC PROPHECIES USED BY PAUL
GENESIS
1. Genesis 12:3
“In thee shall all nations be blessed.” → Messiah brings Gentile blessing (Gal 3:8)
2. Genesis 22:18
“In thy seed shall all nations be blessed.” → Paul applies this to Messiah, not Israel (Gal 3:16)
DEUTERONOMY
3. Deuteronomy 30:12–14
“The word is nigh thee…” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s message (Rom 10:6–8)
4. Deuteronomy 32:21
“I will provoke you to jealousy…” → Paul applies this to Gentile salvation through Messiah (Rom 10:19)
PSALMS
5. Psalm 2:7
“Thou art my Son…” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s resurrection (Acts 13:33)
6. Psalm 16:10
“Thou wilt not suffer thine Holy One to see corruption.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s resurrection (Acts 13:35–37)
7. Psalm 18:49
“I will confess to thee among the Gentiles.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s praise among Gentiles (Rom 15:9)
8. Psalm 69:22–23
“Let their table be a snare…” → Paul applies this to Israel’s stumbling over Messiah (Rom 11:9–10)
ISAIAH
9. Isaiah 11:10
“In him shall the Gentiles trust.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s Gentile reign (Rom 15:12)
10. Isaiah 28:16
“He that believeth shall not be ashamed.” → Paul applies this to faith in Messiah (Rom 10:11)
11. Isaiah 49:6
“A light to the Gentiles…” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s mission (Acts 13:47)
12. Isaiah 52:7
“How beautiful… that bring good tidings.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s gospel (Rom 10:15)
13. Isaiah 53:1
“Who hath believed our report?” → Paul applies this to Israel rejecting Messiah (Rom 10:16)
14. Isaiah 59:20–21
“The Deliverer shall come out of Sion.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s salvation of Israel (Rom 11:26–27)
JEREMIAH
15. Jeremiah 31:33–34
“This is my covenant…” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s New Covenant (Rom 11:27)
HOSEA
16. Hosea 1:10
“In the place where it was said… ye are not my people…” → Paul applies this to Gentile inclusion in Messiah (Rom 9:26)
17. Hosea 2:23
“I will call them my people…” → Paul applies this to Gentile salvation (Rom 9:25)
JOEL
18. Joel 2:32
“Whosoever shall call upon the name of the LORD…” → Paul applies this to calling on Messiah (Rom 10:13)
HABAKKUK
19. Habakkuk 1:5
“Behold, ye despisers…” → Paul applies this to Israel rejecting Messiah (Acts 13:41)
20. Habakkuk 2:4
“The just shall live by faith.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s gospel (Rom 1:17; Gal 3:11)
MALACHI
21. Malachi 1:11
“My name shall be great among the Gentiles.” → Paul applies this to Messiah’s global worship (Rom 15:16)
🜂 TOTAL: 21 TRUE MESSIANIC PROPHECIES PAUL USES
Israel missing Messiah
PSALMS
1. Psalm 69:22–23
“Let their table be made a snare…” → Romans 11:9–10 Paul uses this to show Israel’s stumbling was foretold.
ISAIAH
2. Isaiah 28:16
“He that believeth shall not be ashamed.” → Romans 9:33; 10:11 Israel stumbled because they refused faith in Messiah.
3. Isaiah 8:14
“A stone of stumbling and rock of offence.” → Romans 9:33 Messiah Himself became the stumbling stone.
4. Isaiah 53:1
“Who hath believed our report?” → Romans 10:16 Israel’s unbelief in Messiah was prophesied.
5. Isaiah 65:1–2
“I was found of them that sought me not… all day long I stretched forth my hands…” → Romans 10:20–21 Gentiles believed; Israel remained disobedient.
6. Isaiah 59:20–21
“The Deliverer shall come out of Sion…” → Romans 11:26–27 Israel’s blindness is temporary, not permanent.
DEUTERONOMY
7. Deuteronomy 32:21
“I will provoke you to jealousy by them that are no people.” → Romans 10:19 Gentile salvation was meant to provoke Israel.
HOSEA
8. Hosea 1:10
“In the place where it was said… ye are not my people…” → Romans 9:26 Gentiles become God’s people through Messiah.
9. Hosea 2:23
“I will call them my people…” → Romans 9:25 Gentile inclusion was foretold.
MALACHI
10. Malachi 1:11
“My name shall be great among the Gentiles.” → Romans 15:16 Messiah’s worship among Gentiles was prophesied.
🜂 TOTAL: 10 PROPHECIES PAUL USES TO SHOW ISRAEL MISSED MESSIAH
These 10 passages form Paul’s official, inspired, apostolic explanation of:
- Israel’s unbelief
- Israel’s stumbling
- Israel’s temporary blindness
- Gentile inclusion
- Messiah as the rejected Stone
- Messiah as the cornerstone of faith
- The remnant
- The future restoration of Israel
This is the core prophetic framework behind Romans 9–11.

